Empire of AI, by Karen Hao

Act II — A Seismic Shock
Written By Paul Verhagen

Empire of AI: Dreams and Nightmares in Sam Altman's OpenAI (2025)

Lifts the curtain on how the inner workings of OpenAI have led to an AI arms race. The enormous environmental, human, and data requirements of training AI are highlighted. If you want the empirical case for Big Tech entities operating on par with nation-states, it is here in detail and with names attached. A natural starting point for the Act.

Read it asking: How many of the decisions in this book would have required a parliamentary vote if a state had made them?

Paul Verhagen
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The Technology Trap, by Carl Benedikt Frey
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What Is ChatGPT Doing … and Why Does It Work? by Stephen Wolfram